06 PV loop
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/btBwLmG.jpg)
- volume on bottom, pressure on top
- right: take volume and pressure of each time and plot against one another
- green: volume not changing, pressure go way up, isovolumic contraction. Both valves closed
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/vm8RGQX.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/FFtwl3z.jpg)
- top left point: end of systole
- bottom right point: end of diastole
- left line: end systolic pressure volume relationship, determined by myocardium characteristics. Adding/removing blood at end of systole moves along this line
- right line: end diastolic pv relationship
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/S8owUdn.jpg)
- MV closes at beginning of isovolumic contraction
- pressure so high aortic valve opens
- volume falls in LV, blood leaving
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/djb02oP.jpg)
- AV open, contraction
- AV closes, isovolumic relaxation
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/ZDf4DZO.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/69oLcWS.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/SsIaqpy.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/Wjs27Lh.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/AnR0dgE.jpg)
- SV: difference between ESV and EDV, volume ejected
- more afterload, higher pressure LV has to rise to overcome
Changes
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/ajiJ8m0.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/lwzKsoY.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/TUDtdyu.jpg)
- hit left line sooner, at higher volume and pressure
- harder to eject blood, eject less blood
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/VdNGpwW.jpg)
- contractility determines ESPVR
- less contractility, less blood pushed out, more blood left behind
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/osPzLSd.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/wVp3dBM.jpg)
- compliance determines preload
- ventricle cannot fill and stiffer, higher pressure, lower volume
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/SehoKn1.jpg)
- area: how much volume pumping x how much pressure generating
Pathology
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/rWHJoaI.jpg)
- higher afterload, lower SV, higher ESV
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/qn6LNYK.jpg)
- during isovolumic contraction, blood leak from LV to LA, falling
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/ry72f30.jpg)
- blood filling ventricle during relaxation
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/lMNpHpA.jpg)
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